Low viscosity ionic liquids1/20/2024 ![]() ![]() ![]() The N, N-dialkyl-imidazolium cation provides a very good delocalization of the positive charge. In the case of ionic liquids, this means: The Coulomb interaction between a cation and an anion in ion-pairs depends on the surface charge density and the cation-anion distance. However, in reality, the cation and the anion have definite volumes and radii. 1).Ĭoulomb’s law is valid for two point-shaped charges separated by the distance r in vacuum. Coulomb force between two charged units depends on the charges q and q′ and the distance r (Eq. ![]() Due to the ionic structure of ionic liquids, the electrostatic contribution is larger than the contribution of the van der Waals forces. The anion-cation interaction is developed mainly through Coulomb (electrostatic) forces, van der Waals forces, and hydrogen-bonding. have recently reported that the viscosity (particularly the self-diffusion coefficients of the ions) of ionic liquids is governed by at least three main factors: (i) size, (ii) shape, and (iii) interaction between the anion and the cation. In particular, for electrochemical applications, low viscous ionic liquids are requested to provide optimal conditions for the diffusion of electrochemically active species. The viscosity of ionic liquids (ILs) is a crucial parameter for their practical use as reaction media and as components of electrolytes in electrochemical devices such as batteries, dye-sensitized solar cells, or super-capacitors. Ionic liquids are new promising materials for various applications. Deuterated ionic liquids are valuable media for the investigation of chemical reactions, natural products, and bio-materials by means of the NMR spectroscopy. This new knowledge supports the recent development of novel low viscous inert ionic liquids which are of particular interest for the application in energy conversion devices. The explanation of this phenomenon is given and discussed based on the modified Stokes-Einstein equation with a parameter which reflects the mass of the diffused particles. All deuterated ionic liquids possess a higher viscosity and density in comparison to non-deuterated ones. The dissociation rate of the ionic liquid, the sizes of the cation and the anion, and the nature of the inter-ionic interaction are not influenced by deuteration, but viscosity is. The viscosity and the density of these ionic liquids were measured at various temperatures. Straightforward syntheses of selected non-deuterated, partially deuterated, and fully deuterated room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) with the anions tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate, tetracyanoborate, and methyl sulfate were developed. ![]()
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